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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuslanem | om kuslane |
| 2SG: | kuslanet | ot kuslane |
| 3SG: | kuslana | ok/ogeš kuslane |
| 1PL: | kuslanena | ona/ogə̑na kuslane |
| 2PL: | kuslaneda | oda/ogə̑da kuslane |
| 3PL: | kuslanat | ogə̑t kuslane |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuslanə̑šə̑m | šə̑m kuslane |
| 2SG: | kuslanə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kuslane |
| 3SG: | kuslanə̑š | ə̑š kuslane |
| 1PL: | kuslanə̑šna | ə̑šna kuslane |
| 2PL: | kuslanə̑šda | ə̑šda kuslane |
| 3PL: | kuslanə̑št | ə̑št kuslane |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuslanenam | kuslanen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kuslanenat | kuslanen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kuslanen | kuslanen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kuslanenna | kuslanen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kuslanenda | kuslanen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kuslanenə̑t | kuslanen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuslanem ə̑l'e | om kuslane ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kuslanet ə̑l'e | ot kuslane ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kuslana ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kuslane ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kuslanena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kuslane ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kuslaneda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kuslane ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kuslanat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kuslane ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuslanem ulmaš | om kuslane ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kuslanet ulmaš | ot kuslane ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kuslana ulmaš | ok/ogeš kuslane ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kuslanena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kuslane ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kuslaneda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kuslane ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kuslanat ulmaš | ogə̑t kuslane ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuslanenam ə̑l'e | kuslanen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kuslanenat ə̑l'e | kuslanen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kuslanen ə̑l'e | kuslanen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kuslanenna ə̑l'e | kuslanen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kuslanenda ə̑l'e | kuslanen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kuslanen ə̑l'e | kuslanen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuslanenam ulmaš | kuslanen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kuslanenat ulmaš | kuslanen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kuslanen ulmaš | kuslanen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kuslanenna ulmaš | kuslanen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kuslanenda ulmaš | kuslanen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kuslanen ulmaš | kuslanen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kuslane | it kuslane |
| 3SG: | kuslanə̑že | ə̑nže kuslane |
| 1PL: | (kuslanena) | (ona/ogə̑na kuslane) |
| 2PL: | kuslanə̑za | ida kuslane |
| 3PL: | kuslanə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kuslane |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuslanə̑nem | ə̑nem kuslane |
| 2SG: | kuslanə̑net | ə̑net kuslane |
| 3SG: | kuslanə̑neže | ə̑než kuslane |
| 1PL: | kuslanə̑nena | ə̑nena kuslane |
| 2PL: | kuslanə̑neda | ə̑neda kuslane |
| 3PL: | kuslanə̑nešt | ə̑nešt kuslane |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kuslanə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kuslane ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kuslanə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kuslane ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kuslanə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kuslane ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kuslanə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kuslane ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kuslanə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kuslane ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kuslanə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kuslane ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kuslanə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net kuslane ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kuslanə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než kuslane ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kuslanə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda kuslane ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kuslanə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kuslane ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kuslanaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kuslanə̑man |
| Active participle: | kuslanə̑še |
| Passive participle: | kuslanə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kuslanə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | kuslanə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kuslanen |
| Negative gerund: | kuslanə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | kuslanə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kuslanə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kuslanə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kuslanə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | kuslanə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||